Macluumaadka ku saabsan shaqada mashiinka CNC: Qalabka saxda ah & G-code

Kisaan kula shuqulka mashinka CNC (Computer Numerical Control) waa qaylo ahaan u muhiim ah oo leh amar dhisid, daloolka shaqida iyo dib u eegista sanad badan oo ka dhigaysa sadaabsiga shaqida. Marka xagga, shaqida bilaabma barasho digital ee qaybta, taasoo ah tiro iyo xaraf (G-code iyo M-code) la sameeyey software CAD/CAM. Barashadan waxaa la gudbiyaa unit-ka kontrollada mashinka, computer industriyan oo taas ahaan ugu muhiimka. Unit-ka kontrollada waxay fahmayn koodkan oo kale, waxayna beddelyi kartaa si cad in ay u diraan isla marka elektrik ah ku taagan nidaamka drive-ka mashinka. Nidaamkan waxaa lagu daray servo ama stepper motors la xidhay ball screws ama hababka kale ee drive, kan ku beddelaya xawaaraha motors-ka ilaa xawaaraha saxda ah si toos ah ardayda mashinka (takhasuska X, Y, iyo Z xawaaraha toos ah, iyo A, B, ama C xawaaraha doorka). Waxa ka saameynaya CNC modern ahaan nidaamka feedback-ka dhicis. Encoders ama resolvers la xidhay motors-ka ama ardaydu mar walba maqaayn meesha iyo xawaaraha, waxayna soo diraysaan xogtaas ila unit-ka kontrollada. Computer-ka mar dambe wuxuu fiirinayaa xogta sanadka badan tan ilaa meeshii la filayo, waxayna sameeyn kartaa korrigidda yar yar, joogsiga badan si loo gaaro khalad kasta, iyadoo loo hagaajiyaa saxda ah iyo dib u sheegista. Haddana, unit-ka kontrollada maareynta khalee qaarkood oo kale ee shaqada: wuxuu amray spindle-ka in uu dooro xawaaraha gaar ah (RPM), maareynta xawaaraha feed-ka ardayda, wuxuu aqbaliyaa tool changer-ka si loo dooro cutter-ka saxda ah, waxayna maareynta shaqooyinkuna caawiyaheeda sida flow-ka coolant. Isku-dhiseka selem ah ee qudrada computer, saxda daloolka, iyo feedback-ka sensory wuxuu kuu karrab kartaa mashinka CNC inay abuuraan komponentaad leh joometree murugo ilaa block-ka material-ka aan la shaqeeyn, waxayna beddelyi kartaa nooc digital-ka ilaa qayb hal-abuur ah saxda weyn iyado aan la yaqaanna dadka.